Selling your firearm checklist
This is a practical checklist for a compliant transfer. If anything feels unclear or high-risk, using a licensed dealer is the simplest way to ensure the transfer is correctly documented and legally compliant.
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1
Confirm the buyer is a North Dakota resident.
If you are conducting a private sale, confirm that the buyer resides in North Dakota. Interstate private sales are not allowed without a licensed dealer.
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2
Confirm the buyer is legally eligible.
Do not transfer a firearm to anyone you know or reasonably believe is prohibited from possessing one under federal law.
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3
Document the transaction details.
While not required by North Dakota law, keeping a simple bill of sale with date, firearm description and buyer information can help protect you if questions arise later.
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4
Use a licensed dealer for interstate transfers.
If the buyer is out of state, ship or deliver the firearm to a licensed dealer in the buyer’s state to complete the transfer in compliance with federal law.
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5
Consider selling directly to a licensed buyer.
Selling to a federally licensed buyer like WeBuyGuns.com provides a documented, compliant transaction with clear handling of shipping and eligibility requirements.
Updated: February 14, 2026
State laws for selling a gun in North Dakota
North Dakota has relatively few state-level restrictions on private firearm sales. Most in-state private transfers between residents are lawful without dealer involvement, but federal law still governs prohibited persons and interstate transfers.
If you are selling a firearm in North Dakota, your primary compliance obligations come from federal law. You must not knowingly transfer to a prohibited person and you must use a licensed dealer for any interstate sale. Review the official resources below to confirm how the rules apply to your situation.
| Topic | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Background check for private transfers | NO (state requirement) | North Dakota does not require background checks for private in-state sales. Dealer sales require a federal background check. |
| Permit required before transfer | NO | North Dakota does not require a permit to purchase for most firearms. |
| Waiting period | NO | There is no state-mandated waiting period for firearm transfers. |
| Can I sell to an out-of-state buyer | NO (directly) | Private interstate firearm transfers are prohibited under federal law and must go through a licensed dealer. |
| Minimum age | YES | Federal age restrictions apply, especially for dealer sales and handgun purchases. |
| Registration required | NO | North Dakota does not require firearm registration for most private owners. |
State law details
Understanding North Dakota firearm sale rules
A detailed breakdown of common requirements.
Understanding North Dakota firearm sale rules
Residency & identification
North Dakota does not impose special documentation requirements for private in-state firearm sales. However, sellers should confirm residency to avoid accidentally conducting an unlawful interstate transfer.
- Confirm buyer is a North Dakota resident for private sales
- Government-issued photo ID is advisable to verify identity
- Interstate transfers must go through a licensed dealer
- 18 U.S.C. § 922(a)(5) - Federal prohibition on transferring firearms to out-of-state residents without a licensed dealer
Background checks
North Dakota does not require background checks for private in-state transfers. However, any sale through a federally licensed dealer requires a federal background check before completion.
- No state-mandated background check for private in-state sales
- Dealer sales require a federal background check
- Transfers cannot proceed through a dealer without approval
- 18 U.S.C. § 922(t) - Federal background check requirement for dealer transfers
Age & eligibility
Federal law establishes age restrictions and categories of prohibited persons. Sellers must not transfer firearms to individuals they know or reasonably believe are prohibited.
- Federal age limits apply to dealer sales
- Transfers to prohibited persons are criminal offenses
- Do not proceed if eligibility is unclear
- 18 U.S.C. § 922(g) - Federal categories of prohibited persons
Waiting periods
North Dakota does not impose a state waiting period for firearm transfers. When a dealer is involved, the transaction cannot complete until the federal background check is approved.
- No state waiting period for private sales
- Dealer transfers depend on federal approval timing
- Delays may occur if background checks are not immediately approved
Prohibited persons
Even in a state with fewer transfer restrictions, federal law strictly prohibits firearm transfers to certain individuals. Sellers face serious legal risk if they knowingly transfer to a prohibited person.
- Felony convictions can prohibit possession
- Certain restraining orders and domestic violence convictions may apply
- Interstate sales without a licensed dealer are unlawful
- 18 U.S.C. § 922(d) - Unlawful to transfer a firearm to a prohibited person
Avoid accidental federal violations
Even in a state with relatively simple transfer rules, federal law still controls prohibited persons and interstate sales. A mistake can carry serious consequences. Selling directly to a licensed buyer removes uncertainty and documents the transaction properly.
We’ve purchased dozens of firearms from North Dakota sellers through a fully licensed process that follows federal prohibited-person rules and interstate transfer requirements.
North Dakota residents must follow federal laws for private transactions
ATF guidance and prohibited person requirements
Federal law requires that the buyer of a firearm must be legally eligible to own a gun.
Local ordinances, city rules and county policies
North Dakota preempts most local firearm regulation, meaning cities and counties generally cannot create their own transfer laws. However, local policies can still affect where and how a transaction occurs. Meeting locations, public property rules, and individual law enforcement office procedures can influence the practical side of a sale.
- Public buildings and government property: Cities and counties may regulate firearms in certain government buildings, courthouses or controlled facilities. These rules do not change state transfer law but may affect where you meet or conduct paperwork.
- Local law enforcement policies: While private transfers typically do not require sheriff involvement, local law enforcement agencies may have policies related to firearm storage, found property or evidence procedures that can affect estate situations or recovered firearms.
- Discharge and range ordinances: Many municipalities regulate the discharge of firearms within city limits. This does not affect ownership transfers but may limit where you can safely test-fire or demonstrate a firearm prior to sale.
North Dakota does not burden private sellers with complex local transfer rules, but federal law and common-sense precautions still apply. If you want to eliminate interstate transfer risk and prohibited-person concerns entirely, selling through a licensed buyer provides a documented and compliant path.